Worms - scientifically "helminths" - parasites in the human body. There are 200 known species of human parasites. They have their own structure, symptoms, way of penetrating the body. Parasites are divided into bio-, geo-, contact helminths.
Source classification:
- Biohelminths. They are parasites that replace "hosts". From insects, mollusks, to bulls and humans. Representatives: tapeworm - beef, pork, echinococcus.
- Geohelminth. Combine worms with one "host". Roundworms, whipworms, some - the most famous worms.
- Contact with helminths. The difference between contact helminths in the ease of infection through the use of patient items. Oysters are a bright representative, common species of helminths.
Common types of helminths in humans
Treatment of helminthiasis involves knowledge of the types of human worms. The color of the worms is from white to reddish, brown. There are transparent worms - difficult to diagnose.
Roundworms
Roundworms are a type of worm with a round cross section, similar to earthworms. representatives:
- Roundworms are a parasitic worm that lives in the small intestine, reaching a length of 40 cm. The average lifespan of roundworms is 1 year. Worms go through a long path of development, starting with the intestines, the lungs, the development of the egg into a larva in the ground and re-entering the intestine. Roundworms are found in humans and animals. Humans are not infected with roundworms.
- Oysters are the simplest white parasites with a size of 0, 3-1, 2 cm. Infected by shaking hands, linen, inhaling dust, with roundworm eggs. The life of pinworms is short - a maximum of 2 months. Pinworms often occur in children.
- Trichinella is a parasite 0. 4 cm long. The source of infection is raw pork infected with larvae. Treating trichinosis is a difficult task. One can only partially get rid of worms. The reason is the peculiarity of their lives. Adults of Trichinella mate in the gut and die. Eggs from the gut get into the muscles where they are located and can parasitize for years.
- Vlasoglava is a representative of round worms, 3 cm long, inhabiting the large intestine. The helminths cling to the intestinal wall, sucking blood. The lifespan of the whipworm is 5 years.
Tapeworm
Tapeworms have acquired the name due to the peculiarities of the structure of the body, which resembles a tapeworm. The flatworm can grow up to 20 m.
- Beef tapeworm is a large worm with a length of 10 m, the causes of infection are insufficient roasting of beef. If there is a tapeworm egg in the meat, an infection will occur.
- Pork tapeworm is similar to beef tapeworm, only 5 times shorter. The source of infection is pork.
- Wide tapeworm - adult helminth reaches a length of 15 m. You can get tapeworm from fish that live in freshwater springs.
- Echinococcus is called the most dangerous. The ability to penetrate the liver causes echinococcal cysts. Carriers of adult dogs, cats. Length - 4 cm. The intrusion is done through dirty door handles, toilet seats.
Suckers
The group got its name because of the way it parasitizes humans.
- Siberian methyl is on average 1 cm long. Ingestion is provoked by the consumption of uncooked, unsalted fish. Parasitizes in the human gallbladder.
- Fasciola parasitizes in the gallbladder, has a length of up to 7 cm. The route of infection is raw water.
Methods of parasite infestation
People who do not take care of their hygiene and cleanliness at home can get helminthiasis. Under the blow falls "purity", convulsive hand washing after the street, copious frying of meat. Depending on the type of helminth, the infection occurs in different ways.
- Oral-fecal - helminth eggs enter through the mouth.
- Contact - the method is common when infected with pinworms. The helminths lay eggs on the anus, causing itching, brushing inseminates the hands. With unwashed hands, the infected person carries eggs on objects, door handles, etc.
- Through water. Raw water is the place where the dangerous helminth larvae (fasciola) live.
- Through soil - sand, the soil is infected with helminth eggs. It is worth watching the length of the nails, if you have to dig into the ground, wash your hands thoroughly. Eggs can be ingested through unwashed foods.
You can get infected through insect bites - a very rare case.
Symptoms of helminthiasis
The first symptoms appear when the helminthiasis reaches its peak. Symptoms appear depending on the type of worm.
Abrupt weight loss, weight loss, body aches, pale skin and itchy anus are clear signs of invasion.
Gastrointestinal disorders: vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, diarrhea and flatulence, abdominal pain near the navel - a sign of helminths localized in the intestine.
The appearance of rashes, brittle nails and hair are indirect, but an indicator of infection. In the case of worms in the body of an adult, a child, intoxication with worm waste occurs. The body usually perceives human proteins as allergens, which causes skin rashes. Diseases such as allergic rhinitis or urticaria, bronchial asthma are helminthic symptoms.
Prolonged headache is a symptom of worms. In cases where it is impossible to diagnose the cause of the headache, painkillers do not help.
Decreased immunity, the immune response shows a clear weakening of the body, which occurs in helminthiasis. Stomatitis, sinusitis, sinusitis, vaginosis - make you think about the prevention of helminths. All kinds of diseases can invade the human body.
The presence of worms is indicated by diseases that are incurable for a long time. An organ defeated by worms does not respond to treatment.
Diagnosis of helminth infestation
Diagnosis, treatment - this should be entrusted to professionals. The infectious disease doctor who diagnoses helminthiasis will be able to draw the right conclusions. Infectious disease specialists will be able to understand and determine the cause of the disease, its location and prescribe treatment.
The parasites live in the intestines, organs and tissues. Diagnosing a separate area will not help to recreate the picture. Depending on the affected organ, tissue depends on the purpose of treatment.
For a complete diagnosis it is worth to conduct a complete examination of the body: X-rays, taking for analysis of feces, urine, sputum from the lungs, scraping the anus, scraping the navel, vagina (vagina), blood.
With X-rays they see the possible movement of worms in the lungs - roundworms. The high number of eosinophils in the blood indicates the presence of helminths. The stool analysis is checked for the presence of worm eggs. It is easy to prescribe treatment for worms. Sputum is taken to check for the presence of roundworm larvae, etc.
If there is such an incident that helminths have appeared, it is worth starting therapy immediately.
Treatment
After a complete diagnosis, in the presence of helminths, treatment is prescribed - medical, folk or complex. It is realistic to treat worms. They do not heal for a long time, but it all depends on the severity of the invasion.
Pharmacy preparations
The drug is a more effective solution for helminths. After treatment of helminthiasis, the appearance of worms in humans is reduced by following personal hygiene.
Chemotherapeutic drugs are used to eliminate parasites from the body. Here they are most suitable. They deal with the influence on the biostructure, the bioprocesses of the parasite. By disrupting the work and paralyzing the worms, the tablets cope with the task and the worms are excreted from the body in the feces.
The dosage, time interval and medication are prescribed by the doctor. In this case, the worm disease will be eliminated.
Folk ways
Nature is diverse - there are many ways to treat. Worm control has long roots. Traditional medicine is suitable for those who have any contraindications, allergic reactions to drugs.
The main set of herbs, anthelmintic products: walnuts, pumpkin seeds, garlic, wormwood, tansy.
The wormwood plant will help if worms appear. Wormwood tincture is effective against tapeworms, roundworms. Pumpkin seeds, garlic are eaten simply, without further processing. Tansy, like wormwood, is infused and then used. These agents can be used as an anthelmintic or as a prophylactic.
After such treatment, the worms leave the body.
Prevention of helminths
If there are no signs of infection, but the likelihood is daunting, it is worth preventing. The most successful is the drug. When it comes to self-help, you can do it without pills.
To prevent it, you need to know where worms start and how they multiply. Personal hygiene is important, but food should not be forgotten. Eating dried fish or sushi, steak with blood threatens to infect tapeworm.
Personal hygiene, keeping the home, pets, families clean, eating only cooked foods, washed vegetables, berries, fruits - will save you from getting infected with worms.